Uburyo bwo gukoresha icukura ry'amabuye
Gucukura amabuye ni imashini yoroshye, yoroheje kandi ihendutse yo gucukura, ikoreshwa cyane mu bwubatsi bw'imihanda, kubaka ibikorwa remezo, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye n'izindi nganda. Ni imashini y'ingenzi mu gucukura amabuye. Gucukura amabuye ni ibikoresho bitera ingaruka, kandi ikenera peteroli, amazi na gaze kugira ngo ikoreshwe hamwe n'ibikoresho bitandukanye by'inyongera, ibyo bikaba bisaba cyane ubwizigirwa n'umutekano w'ibikoresho; ku rundi ruhande, bituma imikorere n'imicungire y'ibikoresho bigorana. Gukoresha no kubungabunga amabuye mu buryo bwa siyansi si ingenzi gusa mu gutuma umusaruro ukorwa neza no gukumira impanuka mbi, ahubwo no kunoza imikorere, ubuzima bw'akazi n'umusaruro w'ibikoresho.
Imirimo yo gutegura mbere yo gutangiza imashini
1. Imashini nshya zo gucukura amabuye zisizwe amavuta arwanya ingese afite ubukana bwinshi, kandi zigomba gukurwaho neza mbere yo kuzikoresha. Mu gihe cyo kongera guteranya, buri gice kigenda Iyo wongeye guteranya, buri gice kigenda kigomba gusigwa amavuta. Nyuma yo guteranya, huza imashini yo gucukura amabuye n'umurongo w'umuvuduko, fungura umuyaga muto, hanyuma urebe niba imikorere yayo ari isanzwe.
2. Shyira amavuta yo kwisiga mu cyuma gitera amavuta yikora, amavuta yo kwisiga akoreshwa cyane ni 20#, 30#, 40#. Agasanduku k'amavuta yo kwisiga kagomba kuba gasukuye, gapfundikiye, wirinde ko ifu y'amabuye n'umwanda byinjira mu cyuma gitera amavuta.
3. Genzura umuvuduko w'umwuka n'umuvuduko w'amazi mu kazi. Umuvuduko w'umwuka ni 0.4-0.6MPa, hejuru cyane bizihutisha kwangirika kw'ibice bya mashini, hasi cyane bigabanya imikorere myiza yo gucukura amabuye no kwangiza ibice bya mashini. Umuvuduko w'amazi muri rusange ni 0.2-0.3MPa, umuvuduko w'amazi mwinshi uzuzura mu mashini kugira ngo usenye amavuta, ugabanye imikorere myiza y'imashini yo gucukura amabuye no kwangiza ibice bya mashini; hasi cyane ni ingaruka mbi zo gusukura amazi.
4. Niba ibuye rya pneumatic ryujuje ibisabwa mu bwiza, gukoresha ibuye rya pneumatic ritujuje ibisabwa birabujijwe.
5, umuyoboro w'umwuka ugera ku icukura ry'amabuye, ugomba gukurwamo amazi kugira ngo ufunge umwanda wahumetse. Kwakira amafaranga y'umuyoboro w'amazi, kugira ngo amazi asohore umwanda uri ku ihuriro ry'amazi, umuyoboro w'umwuka n'umuyoboro w'amazi bigomba gukazwa kugira ngo birinde kugwa no gukomeretsa abantu.
6. Shyira umurizo w'icyuma mu mutwe w'icyuma gicukura amabuye hanyuma uhindukize icyuma ukoresheje icyuma ukoresheje imbaraga, niba kidahindukiye, bivuze ko hari akantu kari mu mashini kandi kigomba gufatirwa ingamba ku gihe.
7. Fata bolts zo guhuza hanyuma urebe imikorere ya propeller iyo umuyaga ufunguye, kandi ishobora gutangira gukora gusa iyo igikorwa ari gisanzwe.
8. Hagomba gushyirwaho imashini yo gucukura amabuye yo mu muhanda (guideway rock drill) no kugenzura imikorere ya propeller, imashini yo gucukura amabuye yo mu kirere n'imashini yo gucukura amabuye yo hejuru. Imashini zo gucukura amabuye yo hejuru zigomba kugenzura uburyo amaguru yazo yo mu kirere yoroshye, n'ibindi.
9. Hagomba gusabwa imashini zikoresha amabuye y'amazi kugira ngo zifunge neza sisitemu ya hydraulic kugira ngo hirindwe ko amavuta ya hydraulic yanduzwa kandi zigatuma amavuta ya hydraulic ahora afite igitutu kidahinduka.
Amabwiriza yo kwirinda mu gihe ukora
1. Mu gucukura, igomba kuzenguruka buhoro buhoro, kandi nyuma y'ubujyakuzimu bw'umwobo bugera kuri mm 10-15, hanyuma igahinduka buhoro buhoro ikagera ku bikorwa byose. Mu gucukura amabuye Mu gucukura amabuye, inkoni yo gucukura igomba gukorwa kugira ngo ijye imbere mu murongo ugororotse hakurikijwe imiterere y'umwobo kandi ishyirwe hagati mu mwobo.
2. Gusunika umugozi bigomba kugeragezwa neza mu gihe cyo gucukura amabuye. Iyo gusunika umugozi ari muto cyane, imashini izasubira inyuma, guhindagura kw'amazi biziyongera kandi ubushobozi bwo gucukura amabuye buzagabanuka. Iyo gusunika ari munini cyane, icyuma kizashyirwa hasi mu jisho maze imashini ikore cyane, ibi bizashira ibice mbere y'igihe kandi bigabanye umuvuduko wo gucukura amabuye.
3. Iyo icukura ry'amabuye rihagaze, imbaraga zo gukurura umugozi zigomba kugabanuka, kandi zishobora kugenda zihinduka nk'uko bisanzwe buhoro buhoro. Niba bidakora neza, bigomba guhita bihagarikwa. Banza ukoreshe urufunguzo kugira ngo uhindure buhoro buhoro ibuye rya pneumatic, hanyuma ufungure umuvuduko w'umwuka kugira ngo ibuye rya pneumatic rihinduke buhoro buhoro, kandi ubuzanye no kurikoresha ukubita ibuye rya pneumatic.
4. Reba kenshi uko ifu isohoka. Iyo ifu isohoka ari isanzwe, ibyondo bizasohoka buhoro buhoro hamwe n'umwobo; bitabaye ibyo, shyiramo umwobo cyane. Niba utarakora neza, reba aho amazi ari mu mwobo w'icyuma gifunga n'uko umurizo w'icyuma uhagaze, hanyuma urebe uko urushinge rw'amazi ruhagaze hanyuma usimbuze ibice byangiritse.
5, tugomba kwitondera kubika amavuta n'amavuta, kandi tugahindura ingano y'amavuta akoreshwa. Iyo ukoresheje amavuta adakoreshejwe, biroroshye gutuma ibice byayo bisaza imburagihe. Iyo amavuta menshi akoreshwa, atera umwanda ku buso bw'akazi.
6, imikorere igomba kwita ku majwi y'imashini, kureba imikorere yayo, gushaka ikibazo, no kugikemura ku gihe.
7. Witondere imikorere y'icyuma gikonjesha, kandi ugisimbuze mu gihe kigaragara nk'aho kidasanzwe.
8. Mu gihe ukoresha imashini ikoresha amabuye yo hejuru, witondere ingano y'umwuka uhabwa ku kuguru k'umwuka kugira ngo wirinde ko imashini ikoresha amabuye izamuka cyangwa imanuka igatera impanuka. Aho imashini ikoresha hagomba kuba hizewe. Ntugafate imashini cyane kandi ntugafate ku kuguru k'umwuka kugira ngo wirinde ko imashini yangirika cyangwa ngo yangirike.
9、9. Witondere imiterere y'urutare, wirinde gutobora ku mabuye, ingingo n'imiyoboro, wirinde gukubita amaso asigaye, kandi buri gihe reba niba hari ibyago byo gupfunyika no gupfunyika amabati.
10,10, Kugira ngo ukoreshe neza imikorere y'umwobo ufunguye. Mu gihe cyo gucukura, hari isano ikomeye ari ugufungura umwobo, gufungura umwobo bikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gucukura bugabanyije. Umwobo ukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gucukura bugabanyije kandi hagashyirwaho uburyo bwo gusunika buhamye. Umuvuduko wo gucukura ugomba kuba muto uko bishoboka kose, kugira ngo worohereze gufungura umwobo ku buso bw'ibuye ufite imiterere minini cyane. Gucukura bikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gucukura bugabanyije kandi hagashyirwaho uburyo bwo gusunika buhamye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mata-02-2022
